How to install Git for Windows and how to use it (initial setup + command operation)

This section explains how to install Git and how to use it (initial setup + command operation) in an easy-to-understand manner for beginners. We can also provide a guide with a screen, so please let us know if you need it.

1. How to install Git (Windows)

Install from the official website

Download Git from the official website.

• Git official download page
  https://git-scm.com/downloads

*X Server VPS is explained separately here↓

Download the installer for your environment.

How to check if your Windows is 64-bit or 32-bit

1. Open Settings→ System→ About from the Start menu
2. If the System Type says 64-bit operating system, it is 64-bit.

Points to consider when choosing

How to run the installer

1. Click on “64-bit Git for Windows Setup”
2. Run the downloaded .exe file
3. Proceed with “Next” as instructed by the installer (the basics are OK as they are).
4. After the installation is complete, check in the command prompt:

bashcopyeditgit --version

git --version

After installation, an example I checked at the command prompt or terminal:

git version 2.48.1.windows.1

git version x.xx.x If you see a version like →, you’re successful.

Initial Git setup (only the first time after installation)

Set the name and email address you want to use for commits in Git:

git config --global user.name "あなたの名前"
git config --global user.email "あなたのメールアドレス"

To check your settings:

git config --list

Things to keep in mind if you already have a GitHub account

In order for your commits to be correctly recognized as your account on GitHub, you need to use the
Gituser.email must match one of the email addresses you have on GitHub.
Gituser.name can be different from your GitHub username, but it’s the “display name” that is recorded in your Git commits.

user.name is recorded in the commit history, but it is user.email the one that is matched to the GitHub account.

Basic usage of Git (local repository)

🔹 Step 1: Initialize the repository

Initializing the repository (git init) is done on a project-by-project basis.
Run the following command in PowerShell:

cd プロジェクトのフォルダ
git init

Example in action:

mkdir ~/projects/personal/my-website
cd ~/projects/personal/my-website
git init

.git The folder is created and Git management begins.

Step 2: Add and commit files

Add any file to the project folder and commit it.

git add .
git commit -m "初回コミット"

Command Explanation

① git add .

Meaning:
Stage (Prepare) all modified files under the current folder (current directory) command.

• 「. (dot)” means “all of this directory and below”.
• All newly created, modified, or deleted files are eligible.

Example:git add . Yes

git add ファイルA
git add フォルダB/ファイルB
...

It is the same as doing it all at once.

add is “Preparing to include file changes in the commit”.
It is not saved in the history at this point yet.

② git commit -m "初回コミット"

Meaning:
This command saves staged changes as a single history (commit).

• -m is an abbreviation for “message”.
• "初回コミット" Explanatory comments (what did you do) that will remain in the history

By this:

• When, by whom, and what changes are recorded
• You can return to the past later and compare them

troubleshooting

Step 3: Connect with a remote repository (e.g., GitHub) (optional)

git remote add origin https://github.com/ユーザー名/リポジトリ名.git
git push -u origin main

* GitHub linkage will be explained separately.

Step 4: List of frequently used commands

Official documentation

• Git official website
  https://git-scm.com/
• Git Official Book (Japanese)
  https://git-scm.com/book/ja/v2